Policies of The State

Policies of The State

          Development among countries is not the same, yet there are policies that try to help and make the living of people much better. Not all countries have the same standards of living of living. The more developed countries are the ones with the highest ranks. Some of those countries are USA, Canada, and Sweden. Those three countries are categorized as countries from the north, than you have the countries from the south that tend to be the less develop. Policies are made to help people’s standers of living. A policy is: a method of actions selected from among alternatives to lead and help present and future decisions. Policies vary from defense to educational policies. Policies are run by governments and are funded by using the “gross domestic product” (GDP) which consist on how much money a country makes and the taxes the government sets on every commercial aspect.

Policies made Government

          There are 8 main policies that governments have to deal with. Each policy is set to help the social welfare of the people of a country. The eight main policies are the following; transfer of resources, subsidies with strings attached, regulations, development and administration, defense policies, education, research and development, and health and social welfare. Each of these policies involves the government and civilians. This policies lead to development of states. As we have said previously a state is formed by people that feel identified and form governments.

          The transfer of resources is when a government takes resources from a person that produces resources and distributes them within society. An example that we are familiar with is the social security system. This system uses taxes from employers and their workers, and gives proceeds of the tax to retired people, disables, and the survivors of wage earners who have dies young. An example in Honduras is the taxes that the government takes from every economic activity and uses them for the Bono 10,000. This is an example of a transfer of resources from a less developed country versus the social security example from the USA.

          Then there are the subsidies with strings attached which mean that government gives money to people but that people have to use that money in a certain way. That limits the facility of people that get that money but in a way this policy is efficient since it controls how people use that lent money. The US example is that the government gave money to Chrysler Corporation in the 80’s but had to cut cost. This is the same as the Bono 10,000 which people who get this money have to use it on the education of their children.

          Than we have another policy which is regulation. Regulations are done to set laws, and in a way tell people who to live their lives. This is a positive aspect because it protects children, environment, workers and the food security of people. Mexico as an example for the environment reduces the amount of smog that was produces in Mexico City.

          The development and administration is a big part of the government, but it also brings up a great controversy. This is so because sometimes the government controls certain parts of industry such as automobile industry, steel industry or even petroleum industry. An example of this is Cuba, when the Cuban revolution happened all the private companies became administrated by the Cuban government, in the other side we have the USA, which has a capitalist system in which private property and business is not administrated by the government.

          The defense policy is something that almost every government has to focus on. Since the people of a country are a priority to its government. The defense of a country could be considered it’s fourth most important policy. The defense programs are run by the GDP of a country. Not always is a country able to protect its people since they can be attacked by nuclear warheads. Yet countries such as Russian and Saudi Arabia invest a big deal of its GDP on defense due to interest. Than the countries with a lower developing such as Egypt or Madagascar tend to have a lower GDP and a forces military service because the governments don’t have enough money to support the defense system.

          The educational policies are very important aspect of a government because the leaders of tomorrow are the children who receive the present education. The education around the world is not equal, in the less developed countries the public education system tends to be poor in quality and in education; an example is Nicaragua, and Indonesia which have a high illiteracy rate. Than countries that are more developed have a higher percentage of their GDP invested on education and example Canada and Great Britain.

          Another aspect that helps the more developed countries is the research and development. The more industrialized democracies focus on development of new technologies. A great example of this is Japan, one of the countries with the highest demand of technology next to the USA. Than the less developed countries tend to focus more in agriculture which is a sing of being less developed. Countries that focus more in agriculture depend a lot on their exports and sometimes crops can go wrong. For example the USA has the highest percent of high technology export, while countries such as Egypt have a 0 percent exports.

          The last policy which is the health and social welfare which has sets its focus on the responsibility of maintaining their people in reasonable health and housing. Developed economies devote considerable resources to these purposes, while states of the South do not as much. For people of many poor states, daily life is a series of catastrophes, and it is all they can do to deal with those, much less prepare for future ones. Countries such as Canada, Germany and Great Britain spend a high percent of expenditures devoted to social security and welfare that have a range of 28% to 38%. This means people on those three countries have a very high standard of living. Than countries from the south such as Philippines, Tunisia, and Bolivia have a very low percent of their GDP spent on social welfare and health.

          Policies help people’s lives in a very positive way. Sometimes it could be debated if it fair for governments to be involved in the life of the citizens of a state or is it fair enough so that people may have a fair live. Yet some policies have difficulties getting around since they can have an intervention on people lives, while others provide stability and equality, especially in the more developed countries. It tends to be noticeable that the countries that are more developed have more policies and a better social order. The less developed countries from the South lack policies and social order. Yet countries work together to provide and help each other to reach a certain level of social satisfaction.

Policies are in a way laws and help provide social welfare.